In most cases, tuberculosis affects the lungs. An X-ray can be used to determine whether the lungs are affected by the disease. Typical changes such as areas of inflammation (infiltrates) or cavities (caverns) are often visible on the X-ray. However, atypical findings such as ventilation disorders or nodular changes can also occur. As changes in the lungs in Germany are more frequently caused by other factors, careful assessment is essential. In some cases, other examinations (e.g. computer tomography, bronchoscopy or sonography) are necessary. At the same time, the sputum is examined for tuberculosis bacteria.

During treatment, X-rays are repeated at regular intervals in order to detect improvements or worsening of the disease in good time. For the X-ray examination of the lungs, you stand in front of an X-ray screen and hold your breath briefly after taking a deep breath. This allows the lungs to be visualized optimally as they are completely filled with air. Modern X-ray machines produce only a very small amount of harmful radiation.